How it works
Material cost = (spool price ÷ spool grams) × object grams. Electricity cost = (watts ÷ 1000) × print hours × $/kWh.
Failure buffer is a % surcharge on top of material + electricity. Labor = (print hours ÷ 24) × labor rate, roughly one hour of attention per 24 hours of printing.
Suggested retail = raw cost × (1 + markup %). Etsy hobby sellers typically use 50–100% markup.